FCSE | Imingcele yocwaningo: izingqimba zokuvikela ukugqwala “ezizilungisayo” eziqhutshwa ukukhanya kwelanga

Isikhathi sokushicilelwa:

2025-06-07

Insimbi evezwe ngokuqondile emoyeni, emanzini noma kwezinye izinto ezigqwalayo ilimala kalula ngezenzo ezibambekayo nezamakhemikhali, ichithe izinsiza kakhulu idale izinkinga zemvelo. Ungqimba oluvikelayo ebusweni luhlukanisa insimbi nendawo ezungezile, lubambezele ukugqwala ngempumelelo.

Insimbi evezwe ngokuqondile emoyeni, emanzini noma kwezinye izinto ezigqwalayo ilimala kalula ngezenzo ezibambekayo nezamakhemikhali, ichithe izinsiza kakhulu idale izinkinga zemvelo. Ungqimba oluvikelayo luhlukanisa insimbi nendawo ezungezile, lubambezele ukugqwala. Ukuminyana nokumelana nokugqwala kongqimba yizinto ezimbili ezinquma ukuvikelwa kokugcina. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezingqimba ezingaphili njenge-enamel nama-ceramic, eziphilayo zisetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yemithombo eminingi, ukumelana nokugqwala nokwakha kalula umgoqo ominyene. Nokho, iqiniso elibalulekile ukuthi ezimweni zemvelo ezahlukene ubuso bezingqimba eziphilayo buqhekeka kalula kancane, kuvumele amanzi nezinye izinto ezigqwalayo kungene, kulahleke ukuvikela.

Ukuze ixazulule le nkinga, ithimba labacwaningi likaLin Zhifeng noLi Weihua eSun Yat-sen University lenze ungqimba lwe-epoxy resin oluqukethe izinhlayiya ezincanyana ze-Fe3O4 ne-tetradecanol, olunogqinsi olucishe lube ngu-200 μm. Lubonise ikhono elihle lokuzilungisa ngaphansi kokukhanya kwelanga, luvikela insimbi yekhabhoni engaphansi ekugqwaleni.

Ungqimba oluzilungisayo (SHC) luwuhlobo olusha, sekuyiminyaka engu-20 kuphela lwabikwa okokuqala. Lungazilungisela imifantu emincane noma umonakalo, lwakhe umgoqo obambekayo onweba impilo elindelekile. Nakuba sekukhona izindlela ezahlukene zokulwenza, kuhlanganise ukufaka izinto zokulungisa noma zokuvimbela ukugqwala zangaphandle, izibopho eziguqukayo zama-polymer resin nokusebenzisa izinto ze-thermoplastic noma ezikhumbula ukuma, ngokuvamile kudingeka imisebe ye-ultraviolet noma ukushisa okuphezulu ukuze kuqale ukusabela kwamakhemikhali. Ngakho kudingeka ngokuphuthumayo izingqimba ezizilungisayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezithambile.

Abacwaningi bathole ukuthi, ngomphumela wokushisa okubangelwa ukukhanya kwezinhlayiyana ezincane ze-Fe3O4, ungqimba oluzilungisayo olwenziwe lungafinyelela ku-70 °C ngemizuzwana engu-200 s kuphela ngaphansi kokukhanya okulingisiwe. Lokhu kwanele ukuncibilikisa i-tetradecanol igeleze igcwalise amaphutha obuso; izimbobo nemihuzuko ebusweni bengqimba kwalungiswa ngokushesha kungakapheli imizuzu engu-3. Ukumanzi kwengqimba kungalawulwa ngesilinganiso se-tetradecanol engezwayo, kanti amaqembu amaningi e-hydroxyl ebusweni enza ungqimba luthande amanzi kakhulu. Baphinde baqinisekisa ukuzilungisa kwalolu ngqimba ekukhanyeni kwangempela kwangaphandle; imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi imihuzuko ebusweni ingalungiswa ngemizuzwana engu-93 s. Ngaphambi nangemva kokulungisa, ukusebenza kahle kokuvikela ukugqwala kwalolu ngqimba olusha kwahlala ngaphezu kuka-99%, futhi lwavimbela ngokuphumelelayo ukungena kwe-O2, H2O ne-Cl–. Ngisho nangemva kokucwiliswa amahora angu-168 esixazululweni se-NaCl esingu-3.5 wt%, lwalusabonisa ukuzinza nokuvikela okuhle.

Le nto entsha yongqimba lokuvikela ukugqwala “oluzilungisayo” oluqhutshwa ukukhanya kwelanga ilungiswa kalula, ayidingi izimo ezenziwe umuntu ezengeziwe, futhi ivimbela ukungena nokugqwala ngokulingana nezingqimba zentengiso. Inethemba lokukhiqizwa ngobuningi nokusetshenziswa ekuvikeleni imisebenzi yobunjiniyela ehlukahlukene.

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