Izindlela namasu okulungisa izingaphezulu zensimbi zemishini

Isikhathi sokushicilelwa:

2025-06-04

Ngesikhathi imishini isebenza isikhathi eside, izingaphezulu zensimbi zivamise ukonakala ngenxa yokuguga, ukugqwala nokukhathala kwensimbi. Lokhu akuthinti kuphela ukunemba nokusebenza kwemishini, kodwa kungadala nobungozi bokuphepha.

Ngesikhathi imishini isebenza isikhathi eside, izingaphezulu zensimbi zivamise ukonakala ngenxa yokuguga, ukugqwala nokukhathala kwensimbi. Lokhu akuthinti kuphela ukunemba nokusebenza kwemishini, kodwa kungadala nobungozi bokuphepha. Ubuchwepheshe bokulungisa izingaphezulu zensimbi buvuselela indawo eyonakele ngezindlela zesayensi ukuze kubuyiselwe noma kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwayo, futhi buyisigaba esibalulekile ekunakekelweni kwezimboni.

Okokuqala, izidingo eziyinhloko zokulungisa nezimo zokusetshenziswa

Izinhlobo ezivamile zomonakalo wobuso bensimbi zifaka:

Ukulimala kokuguga: ukulahleka kwempahla ebusweni okubangelwa ukungqubuzana njengokuhlangana kwamazinyo amagiya nokusebenza kwamabheringi;

Umonakalo wokugqwala: ukugqwala okubangelwa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali phakathi kwensimbi nezinto ezisemvelweni, njengamanzi, ama-asidi nama-alkali noma inkungu kasawoti;

Ukulimala kokukhathala: imifantu emincane ivela ebusweni ngaphansi kwemithwalo eshintshashintshayo, ikhule kancane kancane ibangele ukubhidlika kwesakhiwo.

Lo monakalo utholakala emikhakheni yezindiza nomkhathi, izimoto nemishini esindayo; ngokwesibonelo ukulungisa ukuguguleka kwezindwani ze-steam turbine, ukuvikela amapayipi ezinkambu zikawoyela nokubuyisela ukuguga kobuso bezibunjwa. Izidingo zisukela ezingxenyeni ezinembile kuye emishinini emikhulu.

Okwesibili, ukuhlukaniswa kobuchwepheshe bokulungisa obusetshenziswa kakhulu nezici zabo

Ubuchwepheshe bokulungisa ngokushisela

Imithombo yokushisa njenge-arc ne-laser incibilikisa insimbi yokugcwalisa endaweni eyonakele, njengokushisela nge-argon arc noma i-plasma build-up. Ilungele ukugcwalisa ngokushesha amaphutha amakhulu, kodwa kudingeka ukunaka ukuguquka endaweni ethintwe ukushisa.

Ubuchwepheshe bokufafaza ngokushisa

Kusetshenziswa ukushisa okuphezulu ukuncibilikisa impushana yensimbi, izitsha zobumba zobuchwepheshe nezinye izinto, bese zifuthwa ebusweni zakhe ungqimba olumelana nokuguga nokugqwala, njengokufutha ngelangabi elinesivinini esingaphezu kwesomsindo (HVOF) nokufutha nge-plasma. Ungqimba lubopha ngamandla nempahla eyisisekelo futhi lufanele izimo ezidinga ukumelana nokugqwala nokuguga.

Ukunameka ngogesi nokunameka ngamakhemikhali

Ukunameka ngogesi kufaka ungqimba lwensimbi ebusweni ngokuhlukanisa ngogesi, njengokunameka nge-chromium noma i-nickel. Ukunameka ngamakhemikhali akudingi umthombo kagesi, kusebenzisa ukusabela kokulahla nokwamukela ama-electron ukwakha ungqimba, njengengxube ye-nickel ne-phosphorus. Kuvame ukusetshenziswa ukulungisa ukuphambuka kobukhulu nokwandisa ubulukhuni bobuso.

Ubuchwepheshe bokwemboza ngokuncibilikisa nge-laser

Ugongolo lwelaza olunamandla aphezulu luncibilikisa impushana yensimbi nobuso bempahla eyisisekelo, kwakhe ungqimba oluxhumene ngokwensimbi. Ukunemba okuphezulu nomonakalo omncane wokushisa kwenza le ndlela ifanele kakhulu ukulungisa izingxenye ezinembile, njengamaphiko enjini yendiza.

Ukushisela okubandayo nokulungisa ngemishini

Ukushisela okubandayo kuxhumanisa impahla ngamapulse emvamisa ephezulu ngaphandle kokuguquka kokuma okubangelwa ukushisa. Ukulungisa ngemishini, njengokufaka imikhono noma amapuleti okuvala izindawo, kufanele ukulungisa okuphuthumayo noma izakhiwo ezilula.

Okwesithathu, izitayela zentuthuko yobuchwepheshe nenani lazo

Ngokuthuthukiswa kobuhlakani bezimboni, ukulungisa ubuso bensimbi kuya ekunembeni okuphezulu, ekuvikeleni imvelo nasebuhlakaniphini:

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-nanotechnology: izembozo ezihlanganisiwe ze-nano zandisa ukumelana nokuguga nokugqwala kongqimba olubuyiselwe;

Ukuhlola okuhlakaniphile nokuthuthukisa izinqubo: thola ngokunembile izindawo zomonakalo ngokuhlola okungonakalisi, njenge-ultrasound nemisinga ejikelezayo kagesi, uhlanganise nobuchwepheshe bokulingisa ukuze kuthuthukiswe imingcele yokulungisa;

Ukukhuthaza izinqubo ezivikela imvelo: ukunameka ngogesi okusekelwe emanzini, ukufafaza okudla amandla amancane nobunye ubuchwepheshe kunciphisa ukukhishwa kokungcola.

Inzuzo yokulungisa ubuso bensimbi ayigcini ngokunweba impilo nokwehlisa izindleko zokushintsha (ngokuvamile 1/3~1/5 wezindleko zokusha), inciphisa nokuchitha izinsiza, ihambisane nokuthuthuka okusimeme kwezimboni. Ekukhiqizeni okusezingeni eliphezulu, ukulungisa kuvumela ukuphinde kusetshenziswe izingxenye ezibalulekile, kusekele amandla okuncintisana.

Ikhasi eledlule

FCSE | Imingcele yocwaningo: izingqimba zokuvikela ukugqwala “ezizilungisayo” eziqhutshwa ukukhanya kwelanga

Yikuphi ukusetshenziswa okusha kobuchwepheshe bokulungisa ubuso bensimbi enkathini ye-Industry 4.0?

Ikhasi elilandelayo

Ikhasi eledlule:

FCSE | Imingcele yocwaningo: izingqimba zokuvikela ukugqwala “ezizilungisayo” eziqhutshwa ukukhanya kwelanga

Ikhasi elilandelayo:

Yikuphi ukusetshenziswa okusha kobuchwepheshe bokulungisa ubuso bensimbi enkathini ye-Industry 4.0?

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